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21 decembrie 2022

Secrete despre uleiul mineral pentru motor

Secrete despre uleiul mineral pentru motor

Uleiul de motor mineral este precursorul „sinteticelor” și „semisinteticelor”. Acesta este cel mai simplu ulei din producție și din punct de vedere al calităților sale, care are capacități modeste în comparație cu uleiurile moderne și un preț mai mic. Un astfel de ulei este creat prin simpla distilare și distilare a uleiului și adăugarea de aditivi sintetici la uleiul de bază - substanțe care sporesc anumite proprietăți ale uleiului. Aceștia sunt aditivi detergenți, antioxidanti, antifricțiune, antiuzură și modificatori de vâscozitate. Acești aditivi sunt un produs mai complex al industriei petrochimice. În funcție de pachetul de aditivi, uleiul poate fi de mai mult sau mai puțină calitate.

uleiul mineral pentru motor

Tipuri de uleiuri minerale

O clasificare comună API identifică cinci clase de uleiuri în funcție de proprietăți precum indicele de vâscozitate, cantitatea de sulf și hidrocarburi din compoziție. Cu cât clasa este mai mare, cu atât performanța uleiului este mai mare.

uleiul mineral pentru motor

Proprietățile uleiurilor minerale

Uleiurile minerale sunt mai puțin stabile în proprietățile lor. Se oxidează mai puternic în timpul funcționării și formează ceara mai repede. În plus, uleiurile minerale sunt mai afectate de temperaturi decât uleiurile de motor sintetice moderne. Uleiurile minerale de motor nu respectă standardele moderne de mediu și au o perioadă de înlocuire mai scurtă. Cu toate acestea, ele rămân relevante, fiind uleiul cel mai potrivit pentru mașinile mai vechi și ieftine. La motoarele de putere redusă, simple din punct de vedere structural, fără catalizatori sau cu tipuri mai vechi de catalizatori care funcționează sub sarcină ușoară, uleiurile minerale vor fi destul de suficiente, dacă nu vorbim de utilizare la temperaturi foarte scăzute.

uleiul mineral pentru motor

Reguli de utilizare a uleiurilor

Este important să rețineți că nu puteți amesteca uleiuri minerale. Combinarea lichidelor de compoziție diferită poate duce la rezultate imprevizibile. De asemenea, este interzisă amestecarea uleiurilor minerale și semisintetice.

Producătorii de uleiuri de motor trec din ce în ce mai mult la tipuri moderne de uleiuri sintetice, cu toate acestea, uleiurile minerale pot fi încă găsite în sortimentul multor concerne.

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